TY - JOUR T1 - Demography of a Man-Made Human Catastrophe: the Case of Massive Famine in Ukraine 1932–1933. JF - Canadian Studies in Population Y1 - 2015 A1 - Rudnytskyi, O.P. A1 - Levchuk, Nataliia A1 - Wolowyna, Oleh A1 - Shevchuk, Pavlo A1 - Kovbasiuk, A.B. AB - Estimates of  1932–34 famine direct losses (excess deaths) by age and sex and indirect losses (lost births) are calculated, for the first time, for rural and urban areas of Ukraine. Total losses are es-timated at 4.5 million, with 3.9 million excess deaths and 0.6 million lost births. Rural and urban excess deaths are equivalent to 16.5 and 4.0 per cent of  respective 1933 populations. We show that urban and rural losses are the result of very different dynamics, as reflected in the respective urban and rural age structures of  relative excess deaths. VL - 42 IS - 1-2 ER -